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  • Civil War-era Soldier Entertainment

    Ladies and Gentlemen,

    I am undertaking the planning and equipment assembly for a portayal of a soldiers' aid society at some upcoming national-level military history events which are sponsored by the contemporary US Army. The activities of the aid society will be co-located with a portrayal of a Confederate hospital by another group of reenactors. I seek advice in regard to some of the activities which I am planning for this portrayal.

    My caveats:

    1. Our soldiers' aid society is composed of active- and civilian-component personnel who are currently assigned to a large contemporary non-medical US Army unit. Most personnel have had limited exposure to civilian reenacting, and are obtaining their attire and equipping their portayals from scratch. I am running a "School of the Civilian", with the assistance of one person. Those who will portray soldier-patients will include contemporary US Army personnel who are Warriors-in-Transition being treated at a major military medical center. I mention this aspect only because it affects the ability of some of those who will portray soldier-patients, particularly those with residual effects from brain trauma injury, to participate, and I do not want to create a situation in which these personnel will be embarrased in front of the general public, who will not know that they are viewing contemporary Warriors-in-Transition with BTIs. [Of course, since many of the public viewers will be military members or retirees, I would be surprised if those don't figure it out, esp. in regard to those who are amputees.]

    2. We only have Army funding for our travel/lodging/messing expenses. We do not have an Army budget for our equipment, and so it is all being purchased out of pocket by myself. Thus, I am exercising some discretion in my purchases. [This is not a solicitation for donations, just a statement of my constraints.]

    3. I must transport this materiel out of state, and am not certain at this time if I will have the use of US Government vehicles, so I am bearing this in mind, particularly in regard to the vehicle requirements for the transportation of tentage and furnishings, such as tables, chairs ,and food service equipment.

    4. Our "day jobs" as military members with fairly long hours take precidence, and constrain the time which we have available for preparations. Also, we do not work in an "unclassified" world, so our access to the INTERNET is generally limited to a short time at home in the evening. This limits our ability to do web-based research and to regularly participate in eMail. In fact, I have never before participated in a web-forum, and thus beg pardon for lack of skill/knowledge of common usage.

    5. We don't have a constraint in regard to date of portrayal, so I'm aiming at about 1863. The seasons of portrayal will be late spring and early fall.


    Activities:

    1. At this time, I plan to have available the following games, to be played with period-appropriate equipment, which, with the exception of the cards, are antiques from the era:

    Chess
    Checkers
    Marbles
    Dominos
    Playing Cards (for euchre and whist)

    I understand that playing cards carried by soldiers were smaller than the size which we consider standard for today, and I have seen some which appear to be about 2 1/2" x 1 1/2" (although I didn't have a means of obtaining an exact measure at the time). Can anyone please advise me of those dimensions? I'd like to take a contemporary set of reproduction cards to a printer to have sets of smaller cards reproduced on plain cardstock and cut them out for use.

    Would a set of nine-pins be appropriate?

    2. I plan to have the following original edition reading material:
    Period magazines (mostly Harpers Monthly)
    Period moral encouragement tracts
    Period books (Some of your threads on war-time reading have been very helpful to me)

    3. I will have personnel declaiming from period poetry and short essays, and reading from period books. I will also have some solo singers, but, as of yet, have not been able to obtain any individual musicians (ex. mandolin, banjo, dulcimer, jews harp).

    I have read some recent articles which seek to disabuse us of our incorrect perceptions regarding the dates of introduction and general use of a considerable amount of what we consider to be the standard repertoire of vocal music in the mid-19th century, and am very concerned about the selection of songs. I would be grateful for advice in regard to appropriate songs, and sources for their lyrics and music.

    4. We are prepared to darn socks, do minor sewing repairs to clothing and make bandages.

    Any advice on bandages? I'd planned to just cut and roll lengths of clean muslin, but am not certain of materiel or of dimensions.

    5. I will have writing materiel for soldier-patients and will also have personnel assisting soldier-patients in letter-writing.


    6. I will have some personal comfort items for distribution to soldiers who are not patients as well as to those who are, such as tobacco, lucifers, pencils, paper, mini-housewifes, lye soap, and combs.

    Can you advise me of any other appropriate comfort items, ex. small pokes and/or candles?

    7. My intention is to serve lemonade, and perhaps some tea or coffee to soldiers and soldier-patients, along with some simple tea cakes, hard cheeses, and fruit.

    I'd welcome advice on refreshments. Although milk would probably be period-appropriate, I'm disinclined to deal with that which would be neccessary to conceal the mechanics of keeping it at a safe temperature on a warm day. In particular regard to the fruit, I'm thinking that I might be limited to berries for fresh fruit in the spring, along with some apple butter, dried apples and pears...I don't know about nuts. Advice?

    I've poured through works on aid societies and a recently-assembled collection of about fifteen years' worth of the more prominent reenacting-focused journals, but don't yet feel secure about the authenticity of my plans. Thus, I'd welcome advice on any aspect of this undertaking.

    I appreciate the time that you may give to considering this, and I thank you in advance for any pertinent advice!

    J. White
    Jean-Marie White

  • #2
    Re: Civil War-era Soldier Entertainment

    I am part of the Atlantic guards Soldiers Aid Society. We just put togwther last year a Confederate themed- SAS fair, sans patients, but with a variety of activities designed to help raise money. We have a lot of information consolidated on SAS fairs.

    See below for responses -

    Activities:

    1. At this time, I plan to have available the following games, to be played with period-appropriate equipment, which, with the exception of the cards, are antiques from the era:

    Chess
    Checkers
    Marbles
    Dominos
    Playing Cards (for euchre and whist)


    All good. Ragged Soldier sutlery (www.ragged soldier.com) offers additional parlor games which can be fun, both active and non-active (for the not-so mobile patients).

    I understand that playing cards carried by soldiers were smaller than the size which we consider standard for today, and I have seen some which appear to be about 2 1/2" x 1 1/2" (although I didn't have a means of obtaining an exact measure at the time). Can anyone please advise me of those dimensions? I'd like to take a contemporary set of reproduction cards to a printer to have sets of smaller cards reproduced on plain cardstock and cut them out for use.

    Can't tell you about size, but Ragged Soldier may carry repro cards which are correct.

    Would a set of nine-pins be appropriate?

    Short answer, yes.

    2. I plan to have the following original edition reading material:
    Period magazines (mostly Harpers Monthly)
    Period moral encouragement tracts
    Period books (Some of your threads on war-time reading have been very helpful to me)


    Sounds good!

    3. I will have personnel declaiming from period poetry and short essays, and reading from period books. I will also have some solo singers, but, as of yet, have not been able to obtain any individual musicians (ex. mandolin, banjo, dulcimer, jews harp).

    I have read some recent articles which seek to disabuse us of our incorrect perceptions regarding the dates of introduction and general use of a considerable amount of what we consider to be the standard repertoire of vocal music in the mid-19th century, and am very concerned about the selection of songs. I would be grateful for advice in regard to appropriate songs, and sources for their lyrics and music.


    Music is not my forte, so I'll have to defer to someone who is better at that than I.

    4. We are prepared to darn socks, do minor sewing repairs to clothing and make bandages.

    Any advice on bandages? I'd planned to just cut and roll lengths of clean muslin, but am not certain of materiel or of dimensions.


    Typical bandage lengths were 5 yards long. Widths were 1, 2, 3, 3 1/2, 4, and six inches wide. All you need is the cheapest muslin at JoAnn's Fabrics. The Hospital Steward's Manual shows a good example of a bandage roller, and it also has a page on how to roll them tightly by hand.

    Don't know if you want to make stump bandages. If you do, then cut a maltese cross from the muslin about four inches across at the widest point. also, "T" bandages are good for displaying as options for bandaging material.

    You may want to invest in some red felt rolls. The red felt was applied to a wound under the bandage itself, to absorb any discharge from the (loosely-sutured) wound.

    5. I will have writing materiel for soldier-patients and will also have personnel assisting soldier-patients in letter-writing.

    That's good!

    We'll be right back after this sleep-inducing commute.

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Civil War-era Soldier Entertainment

      6. I will have some personal comfort items for distribution to soldiers who are not patients as well as to those who are, such as tobacco, lucifers, pencils, paper, mini-housewifes, lye soap, and combs.

      Can you advise me of any other appropriate comfort items, ex. small pokes and/or candles?

      7. My intention is to serve lemonade, and perhaps some tea or coffee to soldiers and soldier-patients, along with some simple tea cakes, hard cheeses, and fruit.

      Tea and coffee are appropriate, assuming you are simulating a patient diet. the Hospital Steward's Manual has a whole chapter on patient dietary needs, and cheese and tea cakes are not among them. Fruit was not always included either. But in the interest of your budgetery constraints and to maintain the morale among the participants, I'd let that one slide. Make sure the fruit you use is "in season."

      I'd welcome advice on refreshments. Although milk would probably be period-appropriate, I'm disinclined to deal with that which would be neccessary to conceal the mechanics of keeping it at a safe temperature on a warm day. In particular regard to the fruit, I'm thinking that I might be limited to berries for fresh fruit in the spring, along with some apple butter, dried apples and pears...I don't know about nuts. Advice?

      Berries were popular - dried, if I remember correctly, and in some cases were administered as a medicinal wine for anti-diarrheal.

      Nuts were popular. Chestnuts were very popular. I'd leave it to foodway fans to expound on the proper foods.

      I've poured through works on aid societies and a recently-assembled collection of about fifteen years' worth of the more prominent reenacting-focused journals, but don't yet feel secure about the authenticity of my plans. Thus, I'd welcome advice on any aspect of this undertaking.

      You got it. Feel free to contact us at the AGSAS website. I'm certain we will be happy to help you with your project with in your constraints. My own address is bluemasscat at yahoo.com if you have any further medical questions.

      Good luck on your project!

      Comment


      • #4
        Re: Civil War-era Soldier Entertainment

        Originally posted by J. White View Post


        Chess
        Checkers
        Marbles
        Dominos
        Playing Cards (for euchre and whist)


        I understand that playing cards carried by soldiers were smaller than the size which we consider standard for today, and I have seen some which appear to be about 2 1/2" x 1 1/2" (although I didn't have a means of obtaining an exact measure at the time). Can anyone please advise me of those dimensions? I'd like to take a contemporary set of reproduction cards to a printer to have sets of smaller cards reproduced on plain cardstock and cut them out for use.

        Would a set of nine-pins be appropriate?

        2. I plan to have the following original edition reading material:
        Period magazines (mostly Harpers Monthly)
        Period moral encouragement tracts
        Period books (Some of your threads on war-time reading have been very helpful to me)

        3. I will have personnel declaiming from period poetry and short essays, and reading from period books. I will also have some solo singers, but, as of yet, have not been able to obtain any individual musicians (ex. mandolin, banjo, dulcimer, jews harp).

        I have read some recent articles which seek to disabuse us of our incorrect perceptions regarding the dates of introduction and general use of a considerable amount of what we consider to be the standard repertoire of vocal music in the mid-19th century, and am very concerned about the selection of songs. I would be grateful for advice in regard to appropriate songs, and sources for their lyrics and music.

        4. We are prepared to darn socks, do minor sewing repairs to clothing and make bandages.

        Any advice on bandages? I'd planned to just cut and roll lengths of clean muslin, but am not certain of materiel or of dimensions.

        5. I will have writing materiel for soldier-patients and will also have personnel assisting soldier-patients in letter-writing.


        6. I will have some personal comfort items for distribution to soldiers who are not patients as well as to those who are, such as tobacco, lucifers, pencils, paper, mini-housewifes, lye soap, and combs.

        Can you advise me of any other appropriate comfort items, ex. small pokes and/or candles?

        7. My intention is to serve lemonade, and perhaps some tea or coffee to soldiers and soldier-patients, along with some simple tea cakes, hard cheeses, and fruit.

        I'd welcome advice on refreshments. Although milk would probably be period-appropriate, I'm disinclined to deal with that which would be neccessary to conceal the mechanics of keeping it at a safe temperature on a warm day. In particular regard to the fruit, I'm thinking that I might be limited to berries for fresh fruit in the spring, along with some apple butter, dried apples and pears...I don't know about nuts. Advice?

        II appreciate the time that you may give to considering this, and I thank you in advance for any pertinent advice!

        J. White
        Mr. White,

        I may be able to answer some of your questions.

        1. Activities - If you check out our site www.raggedsoldier.com you will find all sorts of toys and games that you might find appropriate for your needs. Of the items you mentioned, we have correct dominoes, marbles, and nine-pins.

        2. A word of warning about using original reading material; you don't want to be using a book that looks 140+ years old. There are many editions of period books that were printed in the early 20th century that you can purchase from used book dealers that are in good condition and have period looking bindings. Also, I think Barnes and Noble has a series of classic book, many of which are from our period that are the same size and look like period books and best of all they are reasonably priced.

        3. Music and instruments - The Library of Congress has a good selection of sheet music in their online collection. I think it is in the American Memory section. A hammered dulcimer is correct for the period but as far as I've been able to research, a mountain dulcimer is later than the CW time.

        4. Bandages. Vicki Betts posted this on bandages.
        MOBILE REGISTER AND ADVERTISER, October 30, 1863, p. 1, c. 8
        "Bandages for the Wounded.
        A "Field Surgeon" communicates the following important suggestions in the Appeal—
        There being many persons who are [illeg.] to contribute bandages, etc., etc., to the hospitals and field surgeons, and not knowing how they should be prepared so as to meet all the indications of such dressings, I, therefore, propose to give them a few hints as to the material to be used, the manner of preparing bandages, etc. I think some of our
        purveyors would also do well to take the hint, as most of the bandages sent to us are _abominable_. The material used should be old linen or cotton sheeting, etc., because it is soft, and, in some degree, elastic; it also absorbs water readily, which is very important. Should new material be used, it should be _quite thin_, and, when practicable, _well washed_, before made into bandages. The object of washing is to remove the
        sizing, which makes it almost impossible to get such a bandage wet after its application; and, if it is not kept wet, the whole object of the dressing is defeated, and the patient suffers from a much higher grade of inflammation. _Be sure to remove_ the _selvage_, as a bandage with the selvage is utterly worthless, and it is unpardonable in a surgeon to apply such a one. In this, too, our purveyors are derelict. All bandages should be rolled as tight as possible, for no surgeon can apply a slack bandage with any degree of comfort to the patient or credit to himself, and here, again, I must touch upon our purveyors. After rolling the bandage, carefully remove all ravelings, as they detract from the neatness of its application, or may catch on a toe or finger and give unnecessary pain to the patient. I will
        now give the length and width of all bandages required. Each bandage should have its length and width marked upon it:
        Spiral of the chest, 12 yards long & inches wide.
        Spiral of the finger, 1 yard long 1 inch wide.
        Spiral of all the fingers, 8 yards long 1 inch wide.
        Spiral of the leg, 8 yards long 2 ˝ to 3 inches wide.
        Cross of the eye, 5 yards long [illeg.] inches wide.
        Spiral [illeg.] yards long 3 inches wide.
        Spiral of the thumb, 3 yards long [illeg.] wide.
        All pieces of old cotton or linen not larger than the hand even are most acceptable. Bandages made of heavy towels are _utterly_ useless."

        From Peterson's August, 1861.

        "Lint and Bandages. - Lint should be made of unraveled linen, new or old (the latter preferred), by cutting it in pieces of four or five inches square, which would be highly acceptable, while lint made from canton flannel is irritating to the wound. Bandages should be made of linen or unbleached muslin, the former preferred, with as few joins as
        possible; they should never be shorter than two yards. Finger bandages should be about one inch wide, and for cases where all the hand is to be covered, they ought to be eight yards long. Bandages broader than three inches are inconvenient to handle. The length may vary from three to sixteen yards long."

        5. Letter writing. If you use pencils make sure that they are correct to the period.

        6. Comfort items. Here is a link to an article, "Comforts from Home," on our webpage in Virginia's Veranda about boxes from home that might help you. http://www.raggedsoldier.com/soldiers_boxes.pdf

        7. You might want to read books written by hospital nurses, such as Mary Livermore (hers was a compilation about many other people as well as her experiences), Phoebe Pember Yates, Mary Bickerdyke, Louisa May Alcott, Kate Cummings, Cornelia Hancock and the Woosley sisters, just to name a few. In those books, food given to patients was often discussed.

        If you have any specific questions, please feel free to contact me.
        Virginia Mescher
        vmescher@vt.edu
        http://www.raggedsoldier.com

        Comment


        • #5
          Re: Civil War-era Soldier Entertainment

          Thank you all for the extensive time which you applied to reading and researching responses to my query, for the generosity of your very thoughtful comments, and for your kind encouragement!

          I will follow-up offline with those who provided me their eMail contacts. When we have completed our first event, I should have enough good information to post an after action report for your critiques, and perhaps, to assist others in representing a similar impression.

          J. White
          Jean-Marie White

          Comment

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